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page112from Building Ideas
1 Frank Lloyd Wright –“Fallingwater”, House
for Edgar Kaufmann, Bear Run, Pennsylvania, 1935-39: Fireplace and wine
kettle.(Jonathan Hale)
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page111from Building Ideas
towards an awareness of these environmental
qualities, if we consider a building like Fallingwater, the famous house by
Frank Lloyd Wright. Completed in 1936 for the Pittsburgh Edgar Kaufmann, the
house was built as a weekend retreat, an escape from the pressures of city
life. The site on Bear Run with its dramatic waterfall and rocky outcrops was
well-known to the client’s family from their summer weekends at a nearby cabin.
They would often picnic along the river, around a campfire on the rock ledges,
and it was this experience of the natural landscape that became the basis for
Wright’s design. The living room fireplace is built on an existing boulder,
which is left as an “out-crop” rising up through the floor, and the spherical
wine-k... more ...
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page110from Building Ideas
cosmos, and this is later developed in a
series of comparisons to other ideas of comfort and enclosure. Descriptions of
animal dwellings such as shells and nests, along with items of furniture like
chests and wardrobes, are all examined for their imaginative potential in
expressing the different qualities of the “ideal” home. The implication of
Bachelard’s examples, which are drawn in the main from poetry and fiction, is
that a meaningful environment is one that will itself inspire a kind of poetic
reverie. This activity of reflection by the solitary dreamer on the meaningful
qualities of one’s physical environment provides an interesting counterpart to
Heidegger’s notion that dwelling must always remain “worthy of questioning”.16
At the... more ...
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page109from Building Ideas
Towards an Architecture of the Body
One writer who provides a stepping-stone
between the realms of philosophy and architecture also demonstrates the above
dilemma in the development of his own career. The French phenomenologist Gaston
Bachelard began as a philosopher of science, publishing a series of books on
contemporary scientific issues during the 1920s and 1930s. In 1938 he published
a book called The Psychoanalysis of Fire, which inaugurated a new direction in
his works and puzzled most of his former readers. The reason for the
consternation was Bachelard’s apparent rejection of ... more ...
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page108from Building Ideas
This
quest for the heart of things has been phenomenology’s major objective, ever
since Husserl first set out his method of achieving a definition of “ideal”
essences. This highlights the persistent problem of conceiving the relationship
between the mind and the world, just as Kant had discovered in the eighteenth
century, in trying to resolve the argument between rationalism and empiricism.
As Kant concluded, our human faculties impose a set of limits on our potential
knowledge and in attempting to define these limits the search has since shifted
to the experience of the individual “embodied” subject. The problem for
phenomenology has been the extension of these individual insights, to apply... more ...
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