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page107from Building Ideas
hand”, particularly the way the tool in use
becomes “transparent” to the person using it. This idea of reaching out into
the environment – in the sense of the tool as an extension of the body –
becomes a major theme in Merleau-Ponty’s work, particularly in his unfinished
writings published just after his death. Earlier, in his book The Phenomenology
of Perception, he had described a common scenario, where a person driving a new
car takes a period of time to become accustomed to its size. With experience
the person can feel whether the car will fit through a particular opening, as
the volume of the vehicle becomes gradually incorporated into the overall “body
image”. Likewise in the case of a blind person who has to navigate with the aid
of a stick, the tip becomes the... more ...
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page106from Building Ideas
surprisingly, away from the history of
philosophy as such, to consider instead the role that action plays in our
perception of the outside world. Although in this early work he had looked at
spoken language in terms of its origins in the “language” of gesture – to claim
that gesture was still an important factor in communication – he went on in his
later essays to look at other means of expression, such as how an artist might
use his body to communicate ideas in physical form. In the essay “Eye and Mind”,
published in 1961, Merleau-Ponty described the body as an interface between the
perceiving mind and the physical world. His interest in the work of art came
from its expression of this interaction, such as where the brush strokes in a
p... more ...
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page105from Building Ideas
escape what Michel Foucault would later
call the “prison-house of language” – and provide a clearer understanding of
the nature of “embodied” knowledge.
A Philosophy of the Body – From Bergson to
Merleau-Ponty
Perhaps the most intriguing of those later
writers who took up this theme of embodiment is the French philosopher Maurice
Merleau-Ponty, who collaborated closely with Jean-Paul Sartre. The two men
founded the philosophical journal Les Temps... more ...
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page104from Building Ideas
While all four components are meant to be “presented”,
in the properly poetic activity of authentic dwelling, the discussion remains tantalizingly
vague about the practical application of these ideas in architecture. Where
Heidegger does become more specific is in his discussion of the definition of
place, which he sees as the initial task involved in the acts of building and
dwelling. On the other hand place is seen to be dependent on the articulation
of boundaries and edge-conditions-the boundary is not where something stops,
but where something actually “begins its presenting”8 – and at the same time,
places can be created through the intervention of a newly built object. He
illustrates this with the example of the bridge, which brings... more ...
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page103from Building Ideas
But where do we humans get our information
about the nature of dwelling and poetry? Where does man generally get the claim
to arrive at the nature of something? Man can make such a claim only where he
receives it. He receives it from the telling of language.5
He
goes on to quote the line from Friedrich Holderlin’s poem that gave the essay
its title, which implies a certain “merit” in the physical acts of buildings. He
compares this with the kind of construction involved in the cultivation of
plants and the making of objects, but concludes that these are merely a
conse... more ...
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