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page003from KEY IDEAS IN SOCIOLOGYbe seen as key ideas because they help to supply us with insights into major social trends and assist us in seeing how those trends influence all facets of our lives(Elias 1978; Williams 1976; Shils 1981; Seidman 1983; Wolfe 1995).
These ideas, of course, cannot stand alone. First, they are interconnected. Thus, for example, we cannot appreciate the nature of democracy in American society today without an awareness of the nature of individualism. Some versions of individualism, which encourage the single-minded pursuit of self-interest, can work against people acting collectively in political life to advance the common good. This, obviously, has significant implications for the way democracy will look and function.
Second, these four central ideas have been further refined and shaped by a variety of other consequential ideas. In each chapter, a number of ancillary ideas that are closely related to the four master ideas, and have added new dimensions of understanding, will also be discussed. Among the concepts that will be examined are alienation, technology, capitalism, socialism, social class, citizenship, bureaucracy, and community.
With an awareness of both the interconnection of the four key concepts and the role played by a number of other important ideas, we turn to a brief preview of Chapters 2 through 5.
Industrial Society
Chapter 2 will introduce the ways in which a number of important sociological thinkers from the nineteenth century to the present have attempted to make sense of industrial society, identifying both its promise and its problems. As you will see, the Industrial Revolution signaled the advent of a new type of economic system that proved to be extraordinarily innovative, dynamic, and productive. In its relatively short history, industrial society has transformed work, the class structure, communication and transportation systems, leisure, patterns of consumption, our homes, or, in short, all facets of our lives. Most of us would not want to return to a preindustrial world because we realize that our lives are far more comfortable because of industrialization. We also realize, however, that industrialization has a downside. Workers frequently view their employers as exploiters and their jobs as degrading and alienating. At the same time, they fear that, because of the dynamism of this type of economic system, their livelihoods are never secure. Industrial society has generated serious environmental problems and new kinds of risks. There
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Paula Noronen
Yökoulun Pieni Kauhukäsikirja
kuvitus
Kati Närhi
Tammi
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Ruoka
Kakkua pullaa, leipää ja
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