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page192from Building IdeasThis is the principle of commodity fetishism, the domination of society by ‘intangible as well as tangible things’, which reaches its absolute fulfillment in the spectacle, where the tangible world is replaced by a selection of images which exist above it, and which at the same time are recongised as the tangible par excellence.25
As part of Debord’s resistance to this
condition he formed the Situationist International, a group of writers and
artists committed to new modes of experience, which produced the journal of the
same name in the late 1950s and through the 1960s. Alongside the spontaneous reappropriations
of public space, such as in performance-art “happenings”, which they referred
to as “situations”, they were also influenced by Benjamin’s description of the
flâeur
and develop the “Theory of the Dérive” in response to this idea:
Among
the various situationist methods is the dérive[literally:’drifting’], a technique of transient passage through
varied ambiences. The derive entails playful-constructive behavior and
awareness of psychogeographical effects.26
The
paradoxical role that vision plays in the understanding of “psychogeography”
has hed more recent French critics to take a less condemning view of the image.
Jean Baudrillard in particular has become fascinated by the “autonomy” of the
sign and the way in which sign value has taken precedence over exchange value. In
his early work he combined a Marxist approach with Saussure’s analysis of the
sign, to show how the spectacle of “image consumption” had grown out of the detachment
of signifier from referent. In his later writings he went on to celebrate this
new culture of “simulation”, although without the political agenda of his
earlier, more critical work.
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At 2021-11-02 20:28:57,
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Paula Noronen
Yökoulun Pieni Kauhukäsikirja
kuvitus
Kati Närhi
Tammi
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At 2021-09-28 09:43:54,
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Ruoka
Kakkua pullaa, leipää ja
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