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page157from Building Ideas
and technocrats have in common) so let’s
start with the past for a change and discover the unchanging condition of
man.20
Van
Eyck boiled down these formal principles into the concept of “twin-phenomena”,
which echoes Saussure’s analysis of language as being fundamentally a system of
differences. In van Eyck’s case these differences were based on the qualities
of architectural space and were defined as a series of binary terms with
contrasting characteristics. These included open-closed, dark-light,
inside-outside, solid-void and unity-diversity, all of which, van Eyck
maintained, should be seen as inseparable pairs. Architecture should act as the
mediator, keeping the dualities in “equipoise”:
All
twin-phenomena together form the changing fabric of this network – and the constituent
ingredients of architecture. Though different, each of them, they are at the
same time – this is the point – also reciprocally open to each other. Far from
being mutually exclusive or independent, they merge, lean on each other.
Equality is their cardinal common denominator. Their very essence is in fact,
complementary, not contradictory.21
Perhaps
the best illustration of van Eyck’s structuralist method is the orphanage he
designed on the outskirts of Amsterdam, completed in 1960. The building shows
the possibilities of van Eyck’s “syntactic” approach to architecture, where a
complexity of spaces results from a comparatively small number of components. The
basic modules that have been developed to satisfy the accommodation
requirements are repeated and rearranged to create an interesting hierarchy of
spaces. Circulation routes and spaces are made to overlap around doorways and
the inside-outside theme is also evident in the use of courtyards and full-
height glazing.
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