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page138from Building Ideas
of sound, Lévi-Strauss identified “mythemes” as the units of
meaning within a story. As with language, it was not the semantic reference of
the individual mytheme that was most important: as he admitted, many myths
contained quite superficial literal meanings. What was significant was the way
in which the units were combined into a story, the presence or absence of
particular characters and the sequence of events in which they were involved. Lévi-Strauss provided a
demonstration of his theory in his analysis of the Oedipus myth, which he
showed depended on a series of themes which are acted out by the figures in the
story. He highlighted a series of general contradiction with which he claimed
the myth was attempting to deal, such as the oppositions between culture and
nature, male and female, marital relations and blood relations, together with
the general mysteries of life and death and the origins of mankind. The fact
that myths always address these fundamental dilemmas provides the true meaning
beneath their surface appearance and they are thus composed, like works of art,
to make sense out of the chaos of the world. This theme of imposing patterns
upon the flux of everyday experience forms a parallel to techniques of
psychoanalysis such as the interpretation or decoding of dreams.
The
latter field uses the technique as a way of resolving psychological dilemmas
and in a similar sense Lévi-Strauss sees a myth as a kind of interpretive or mediating device
– an attempt to resolve the kind of oppositions set out in the list above. This
theme is often taken up by a particular character within the story, such as
with the trickster figure he discovered in the mythologies of the North
American Indians. The trickster is a hybrid of mortal and divine being who
appears in a range of different guises and is used to help make sense of
mysterious phenomena by shifting from one mode of existence to another. This
theme of the intermediary as a useful explanatory device also occurs in
religious traditions in a somewhat similar role – the Greek gods who could
adopt various human forms to interfere with everyday events and the figures of
Christ and the angels as divine messengers of the word of God all have the
ability to move between one world and another and are thereby used to explain
away apparently contradictory aspects of experience.
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At 2021-11-02 20:28:57,
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Paula Noronen
Yökoulun Pieni Kauhukäsikirja
kuvitus
Kati Närhi
Tammi
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At 2021-09-28 09:43:54,
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Ruoka
Kakkua pullaa, leipää ja
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