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page185from Nordic Architects Writes
ahead within the sphere of building
materials, construction technology and equipment technology, but above all,
what lies ahead is the need to integrate the separate sectors with each other.
Ecological
building is an area of technology where integration comes under the spotlight. It
calls for traditional methods and control of sophisticated technology and the
ability to combine the two together in a flexible manner. The buildings of our
time have often been examples of incompatible partial solutions. Spatial
arrangement, structure and circulation have not been in synergy. In outlining
the outlook for the development of technology, it is still worth bearing in
mind the Ancient Greek wisdom contained in the story of lcarus. What we know
about this generally is only that it involved an audacious flight and a tragic
ending. However, there are several dimensions to the myth.
Icarus
was the son of Daedalus, the architect who built the famous labyrinth for King
Minos of the island of Crete. At the end of this mammoth task, however, the
king threw the architect and his son into jail. The only chance of escape lay
in developing the technique of flying. They found a technical solution to the
problem and at the moment of departure, Daedalus gave his son some guidance on
the importance of choice of flight path, warning him not to go too close to
Helios the Sun-God. They both arched their wings and took off towards freedom.
Daedalus navigated wisely, but Icarus’s mind was overrun by an intoxicating
feeling of omnipotence – hubris. In Greek mythology it is an attitude and a
state of mind that the gods punish immediately with death.
Thus,
with Daedalus, the responsible tradition of wise consideration was transferred
to architects as well as technical skill. Daedalus was Arkhitekton, a building
artist whose task had been to erect the palaces and monuments of Minos, which
would guarantee the king immortality. The architect’s inescapable task is to
create built monuments, to immortalize the intangible value of materials linked
with our culture, our collective memory. Ludwig Wittgenstein, who was also a
dilettante architect or an architect manqué, said that it is a requirement of architecture that there is
something to extol. If there is nothing to extol, there can be no architecture.
But isn’t talk like this about monuments in sharp contrast to what I have said
about wisdom and sustainable development? Not at all, if we give up the vulgar
interpretation of the word monumental. Let us take a look at this question of
semantics. After all, “monument” in the context of architecture, is one of the
most erroneously used concepts, but nevertheless, it is one of the key words of
the art of building and indeed of all culture. The meaning of monument or
monumental has become distorted in a pejorative manner to mean, in normal
conversation, something large in size an pompous in spirit, not to say
ostentatious. Nevertheless, even the most modest architectural task should
include the dimension of monumentality. It is in precisely this dimension that
the humanism of architecture is crystallised. Monumentality has nothing to do
with large size or small. The Pyramids are monuments, but so too are the
togunas or meeting canopies of the Dogon people of Mali, which are dimensioned
from a free sitting height. One might say that the veranda of every Finnish
lakeside sauna is a built monument in miniature.
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