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page160from Nordic Architects Writes
International competition for Espoo Centre
Plan, 1st Prize, Finland, 1967
the dominant and prescriptive feature, and
changes can take place subordinate to it. A constructive basic structure has,
it is true, been used in the same way earlier. Venice’s four-hundred-year-old
Ponte Rialto takes a whole set of tiny shops. The idea is old, but the scale is
new – and frightening.
The
architect is, of course, interested in the problem of where the border lies
between limitation, or conclusiveness, and variation. What can we consider
conclusive and what should be left open? It is probably impossible to give a
generally true answer to this, since planning jobs and human judgements are so
different. However, one function is common and essential to all people –
movement. I pointed out above that the old grid plan is being destroyed by man’s
new way of moving around. Its structure is unwilling to withstand changes in
ways of movement, for these affect its conclusive parts. The system of movement
is, indeed, usually the basis for functional comprehensive structures. This is
true both of buildings and towns. Briefly, we must plan a movement system in
which guided freedom is created around the fixed route which this takes. The
dilemma of conclusiveness and variation is of course not to be solved in this
way. It is a complex problem and one which touches on everything, right down to
detail. Like the grid plan, each system has its own laws which decide the
quality and extent of the freedom obtaining in it.
The
need for flexibility in a building also affects the style of the building, of
course. The architect consciously stresses the building’s conclusive parts, its
primary elements, floors, construction, and so on. In planning, the various
types of factor must be separated hierarchically and the aim must be to make
the expressive force of the various conclusive parts such that the whole
withstands adaptation in the parts. “Beauty is the fulfillment of invariance”,
as Eino Kaila has put it.
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At 2021-11-02 20:28:57,
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Paula Noronen
Yökoulun Pieni Kauhukäsikirja
kuvitus
Kati Närhi
Tammi
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At 2021-09-28 09:43:54,
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Ruoka
Kakkua pullaa, leipää ja
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