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page022from Building Ideas7 Louis I Kahn – Richards Medical ResearchLaboratories, University of Pennsylvania, 1957-64.(Alistair Gardner)
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Messagefrom General Criticsthis could be one point of how the architecture is interpreted in current.
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page021from Building Ideas6 Stirlingand Gowan – Leicester University Engineering Buildings, Leicester, 1959-63. (NeilJackson)
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page020from Building Ideas5 Stirling and Gowan – Leicester UniversityEngineering Buildings, Leicester, 1959-63. (Neil Jackson)
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page019from Building Ideasbells ringing in the circles of “rational”modernist architectural criticism, particularly as the stated intentions of themovement’s most outspoken advocates, Alison and Peter Smithson, were,revealingly, to be “objective” about reality. TheSmithsons were part of a tight circle of architects and artists based aroundthe Architectural Association and the Institute of Contemporary Arts in Londonin the 1950s and, through a series of projects both built and unrealized, theyalso had major influence on the work of the ARchigram group. The brick, steeland glass school of Hunstanton in Norfolk (1949-54), the megastructuralcomposition of the Sheffield University competition of 1953 and the curvaceous fiberglassform of the “House of the Future” of 1956 together contain a range of highlyinfluential ideas. The “brutal” expression of technology and “truth tomaterials” and the metropolitan-scale infrastructures and systems of movementwere to become fundamental principles for much of the architecture whichfollowed, including the work of the Team X (Team 10) group which the Smithsonswere also responsible for coordinating. The British architect James Stirlingand The American Louis Kahn, who were both invited participants at Team Xconferences around 1960, produced two other significant buildings which alsohad a huge impact on the technology-driven architecture of the subsequent ofdecades. Stirling and Gowan’s Leicester University Engineering Building of 1959and Louis Kahn’s Richards Laboratories at the University of Pennsylvania(1957-64) both displayed the dramatic articulation of functional and structuralform characteristic of the later Archigram work. In Kahn’s case, his projecteven embodied the “served” and “servant” spaces distinction that later became akey high-tech principle, which was echoed in the Lloyds building’s separationof short-life and long-life elements. In the Smithsons’ later writings they appeared to accept the latent paradoxinherent in the architect’s role as both engineer and artist, in terms of theimportance of translating the “tools” that technology provides into a visualand spatial language. With a book entitled Without Rhetoric: An ArchitecturalAesthetic published in 1973, they acknowledged the necessity of the architect’screative input into the process of
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