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At 2021-11-02 20:28:57,
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Paula Noronen Yökoulun Pieni Kauhukäsikirja kuvitus  Kati Närhi Tammi
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At 2021-09-28 09:43:54,
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Ruoka Kakkua pullaa, leipää ja 
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At 2021-09-27 15:05:39,
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At 2021-09-27 15:04:58,
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At 2021-09-27 15:04:35,
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At 2021-09-27 15:03:17,
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At 2021-09-27 15:02:35,
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At 2021-09-27 15:02:14,
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At 2021-09-27 15:01:32,
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At 2021-09-27 14:59:22,
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At 2021-09-27 14:58:31,
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At 2021-09-27 14:57:52,
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At 2021-09-27 14:56:34,
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by huiping.wu(at)hotmail.com

Comments

At 2021-05-29 23:29:38,
admin2020 says:
现在作为两个小家伙的语法素材来用。 ... more ...

At 2011-10-31 18:20:53,
admin2020 says:
大概是15年前的时候,我买了这本书. 在高中的时候,由于英语老师介绍说应该用英语去学习英语, 所以尝试着这么做。看似书面都破旧了,但是除了开头几页外,我又读了多少呢? ... more ...

At 2011-10-20 15:47:55,
admin2020 says:
"saw hermeneutics as a method for eliminating misunderstanding"Another contribution for Hermeneutics. ... more ...

At 2011-10-20 15:45:02,
admin2020 says:
One contribution of Hermeneutics :"from a theological to an academic practice "It serves as an academic practice. ... more ...

At 2011-10-20 15:39:28,
admin2020 says:
Here are three models:"With phenomenology, the problem centred on the notion of “intersubjectivity” and the extension of bodily experience beyond the individual’s perceptual realm. Structuralsim appeared to offer a social context for this experience, by embedding the individual in a network of pre-existing codes and conventions. At the same time, structuralist analysis failed to deal with historical change and the various brands of political criticism were shown ... more ...

At 2011-10-20 14:09:03,
admin2020 says:
"In Heidegger’s work, understanding became the basic mode of being, "I agree with this point. Failure of understanding causes so much conflicts and opposing grounds. ... more ...

At 2011-10-19 18:51:04,
admin2020 says:
" The transformation of hermeneutics from a theological to an academic practice"There is certain shift and change from traditional meaning of Hermeneutics into general meaning of interpretation. ... more ...

At 2011-10-19 18:31:36,
admin2020 says:
The first one is to consider architecture is a solution to the problem of practical spatial demands.The second one is to pursue the asthetical demands by architecture. ... more ...

At 2011-10-19 18:25:54,
admin2020 says:
"Chapters 1 and 2 of this book set out two contrasting schools of thought – two opposing views on the question of meaning in architecture. The first assumes that architecture has no meaning at all, except as a solution to the problem of providing convenient sheltered space. The second approaches architecture as a pure artistic exercise, with its priority to community a message rated above all other concerns."Here are the two basic frame of thought.  ... more ...

At 2011-10-19 18:21:53,
admin2020 says:
"Hermeneutics today is a problematic term because of its historical associations, but I am using it in the broadest sense to mean the general practice of interpretation."Hermeneutics has its tracks from "historical associations", in this book author uses this word as "the general practice of interpretation". ... more ...

At 2011-10-19 18:04:33,
admin2020 says:
" The critical element I have suggested in the title “critical hermeneutics” should serve to highlight a problem that will become apparent in the conventional understanding of the term. It is meant to suggest a certain vigilance towards the conservative tendencies of hermeneutics, and to restore the quality of questionableness with regard to historical traditions."does this clarify the meanings of Critical Hermeneutics and its contributions. ... more ...

At 2011-10-19 00:18:51,
admin2020 says:
"another factor, the idea of a tradition being formed by a shared community of understanding. "what is that factor? ... more ...

At 2011-10-18 23:28:23,
admin2020 says:
it seems that Hermeneutics is certain updates from , at least current definition, religion interpretations between Spiritual figures and expression to mortals.  ... more ...

At 2011-10-18 23:26:22,
admin2020 says:
"   Hermeneutics was born with the attempt to raise(Biblical) exegesis and (classical) philology to the level of a Kunstlehre, that is , a ‘technology’, which is not restricted to a mere collection of unconnected operations.3"this some kind of explanations of Hermeneutics, ... more ...

At 2011-10-18 23:21:10,
admin2020 says:
"The fact that texts require interpretation at all"---interpretation is the action in order to understand. ... more ...

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pagexii

from Steve Jobs

Chapter Thirty-Five

Round One: Memento Mori        452

Chapter Thirty-Six

The iPhone: Three Revolutionary Products in One        465

Chapter Thirty-Seven

Round Two: The Cancer Recurs        476

Chapter Thirty-Eight

The iPad: Into the Post-PC Era        490

Chapter Thirty-Nine

New Battles: And Echoes of Old Ones        511

Chapter Forty

To Infinity: The Cloud, The Spaceship, and Beyond        525

Chapter Forty-One

Round Three: The Twilight Struggle    538

Chapter Forty-Two

Legacy: The Brightest Heaven of Invention        560

Acknowledgements    573

Sources    575

Notes        579

Index        599


pagexi

from Steve Jobs

Chapter Twenty-Two

Toy Story: Buzz and Woody to the Rescue    284

Chapter Twenty-Three

The Second Coming: What Rough Beast, Its Hour Come Round at Last...    293

Chapter Twenty-Four

The Restoration: The Loser Now Will Be Later to Win        305

Chapter Twenty-Five

Think Different: Jobs as iCEO            327

Chapter    Twenty-Six

Design Principles: The Studio of Jobs and Ive        340

Chapter Twenty-Seven 

The iMAC: Hello(Again)        348

Chapter Twenty-Eight

CEO: Still Crazy after All These Years    358

Chapter Twenty-Nine

Apple Stores: Genius Bars and Siena Sandstone        368

Chapter Thirty

The Digital Hub: From iTunes to the iPod        378

Chapter Thirty-One

The iTunes Store: I'm the Pied Piper        394

Chapter Thirty-Two

Music Man: The Sound Track of His Life        411

Chapter Thirty-Three

Pixar's Friends: ... and Foes        426

Chapter Thirty-Four

Twenty-first-century Macs: Setting Apple Apart        444


pagex

from Steve Jobs

Chapter Nine

Going Public: A Man of Wealth and Fame        102

Chapter Ten

The Mac Is Born: You Say You Want a Revolution    108

Chapter    Eleven

The Reality Distortion Field: Playing by His Own Set of Rules    117

Chapter Twelve

The Design: Real Artists Simplify    125

Chapter Thirteen

Building the Mac: The Journey Is the Reward    135

Chapter Fourteen

Enter Sculley: The Pepsi Challenge

Chapter Fifteen

The Launch: A Dent in the Universe    159

Chapter Sixteen 

Gates and Jobs: When Orbits Intersect    171

Chapter Seventeen 

Icarus: What Goes Up ...    180

Chapter Eighteen 

NEXT: Prometheus Unbound    211

Chapter    Nineteen

Pixar: Technology Meets Art    238

Chapter     Twenty    

A Regular Guy: Love I Just a Four-Letter Word        250

Chapter Twenty-One

Family Man: At Home with the Jobs Clan        267


page004

from 华夏意匠 Cathay's Idea- Design Theory of Chinese Classical Architecture

第七章     主要构件形制

柱和柱础......................................................229

斗拱............................................................236

雀替.驼峰和隔架............................................243

栏杆............................................................251

槛框和隔扇...................................................258

第八章    色彩.装饰及“内檐装修”

色彩的由来...................................................267

装饰和彩画...................................................275

天花和藻井...................................................283

天窗............................................................289

隔断............................................................295

第九章    园林建筑

设计思想和意念.............................................305

历史的基础...................................................310

构图的原则...................................................317

园的构成元素................................................322

"园群“的组织.................................................329

第十章    房屋以外的建筑物

非房屋建筑....................................................339

城墙和城楼....................................................344

桥及”桥屋“.....................................................351

"塔庙”及“塔坟”...............................................358

陵堂与墓室....................................................366

第十一章    城市规划

古代的城市和规划...........................................377

都城的盛衰和兴亡...........................................383

城市形状的产生和变迁.....................................390

城市的内容和组织...........................................396

道路网和城市的布局........................................402

第十二章    设计.施工.研究和著述

建筑师和城市规划家........................................411

古代的建筑设计工作........................................416

古代的建筑施工工作........................................423

古代有关建筑的研究和著述...............................428

近代有关中国古典建筑的研究和著述...................434

发展的终结和传统的继承..................................443

At 2011-12-01 17:52:47,
admin2020 says:

藻井:中国传统建筑中室内顶棚的独特装饰部分。一般做成向上隆起的井状,有方形、多边形或圆形凹面,周围饰以各种花藻井纹、雕刻和彩绘。多用在宫殿、寺庙中的宝座、佛坛上方最重要部位。


------

At 2011-12-01 13:34:52,
admin2020 says:

驼峰:

古建筑学上称为“驼峰”的是正门门顶的横梁三重如意斗拱,雕刻内容花样百出,或奇花异卉、飞禽走兽,或历史故事人物,无不栩栩如生。使用驼峰最早的实例出现在龙门寺西配殿中,但规格和形状比较单一。比西配殿晚十五年建造的大佛殿同样也使用了这一构件,但大佛殿内驼峰的规格和形状多达八种,这在其他木构古建中是罕见的。这充分说明,早在五代,驼峰的使用就已经得到了普及。



------

At 2011-12-01 13:28:40,
admin2020 says:

隔架:

隔架斗拱:在规模较大的建筑中,在大梁与随梁或天花枋之间常安一攒或十字斗拱状的构件,叫做隔架科,或称隔架斗拱,它的装饰性很强,也有多种式样,如十字斗、荷叶墩、雀等。官式做法常用一斗三升带荷叶雀的做法,其最下为翻荷叶,中为一斗三升(有的用两层拱,下为瓜拱、上为万拱),上架雀替。

河南府文庙戟门隔架科斗拱:


------

At 2011-12-01 02:04:44,
admin2020 says:
雀替是中国传统建筑中的特殊构件,指置于梁枋下与立柱相交的短木,可以缩短梁枋得净跨距离,防止梁枋与立柱之间角度变形。也用在柱间的落挂下,但是为纯装饰性构件。
宋代李诫《营造法式》称雀替为绰幕:“檐头下绰幕方广减檐额三分之一,出柱长至补间”[1] 雀替也象征等级,广亮大门、金柱大门等较高等级的大门才有雀替,等级较低的蛮子门上则无雀替。
雀替有七类:
大雀替:立柱左右雀替相连,由一根整木制成,放在柱头上。
龙门雀替:用在牌楼,下有梓头承托。
雀替:典型清式雀替,如故宫太和门雀替。
小雀替:形短而小,用于屋内。
通雀替:多用于宋代屋内。
骑马雀替:两立柱间距太短时,两雀替相连合而为一,称为骑马雀替。
花牙子:纯作装饰用。
宋元雀替上多涂彩画,但没有雕刻;清代雀替既有彩画,也有雕刻。[2]------



page003-en

from 华夏意匠 Cathay's Idea- Design Theory of Chinese Classical Architecture

Contents

Previews

Chapter One    Discussions on basic problems

China.Tradition.Architecture............................11

Chinese Culture and Chinese Architecture........17

Chinese Architecture and Western Architecture...23

Historic Reasons of developments in timber structures....29

Thoughts and policies of Architecture.............35

Special facts influencing shapes and structures......39

Chapter Two Brief Overview

Chinese Characters and Architecture..............47

Changes of Nouns and Terms........................52

Types and names of Buildings..........................57

Standards of "Gate and Hall" and others..............63

Developments and Orientations of platform and observatory.....69

Chapter Three Overview in Categories

Categories and personalities of architecture...........................................77

Evolution of functions of housing and dwelling........................................82

Palace and Royalty City.......................................................90

Buildings of Ritual system ..........................................................100

Buddhist temple, Stupas and others................................................106

Centralization and Spread of Commercial Buildings........................................115

Buildings serving for Technology and Industry in Ancient............................121

Chapter Four Plan

Form of architectural plan.................................................129

Plan of individual building.................................................134

Plan of architectural complex.......................................................140

Typical standards of plan.................................................146

Organization of layout and arrangement of procedure .....................................151

Chapter Five Elevation

Composition of architectural elevation.................................................161

Organize and launch composition of architectural elevation........................................167

Stylobate................................................................173

Body of building................................................................179

Roof................................................................185

Chapter Six      Structure and   Composition

Design of Structure and Composition................................................195

Evolution of structural principles.................................................202

Selection of materials and Formulation of Standards.....................................209

Shapes and Standards of Components.......................................................216

Roof composition and Curves of Roof.....................................221

At 2011-12-01 00:50:07,
admin2020 says:
形制: Shape and Standards, certain shapes and standards for ancient Chinese buildings and elements of building.------


At 2011-12-01 00:45:51,
admin2020 says:

台基:stylobate, the stepped platform on which colonnades of temple columns are placed (it is the floor of the temple). The platform was built on a leveling course that flattened out the ground immediately beneath the temple.


台:some kind of large scaled platform for special purpose ceremony 

------

At 2011-12-01 00:33:21,
admin2020 says:
建筑群: architectural complex, groups of architecture and buildings.------


At 2011-12-01 00:31:35,
admin2020 says:
构成,form, how to compose and form------


At 2011-12-01 00:22:08,
admin2020 says:
礼制:ritual system, the system which includes basic rites for society. In ancient China there were systematic restrictions of rites and proprieties for different classes in the society. Different classes own their certain levels of buildings and rites.------


At 2011-12-01 00:16:08,
admin2020 says:
宫城: royalty city,  city which is majorly constructed by palace for royalty ------





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